Understanding Colorectal Cancer: Symptoms, Causes, and Treatment

colorectal cancer is a global disease that is experienced by both male and females in most regions of the world. It starts in the colon or rectum and it at most progresses through stages over a period of many years. There has been an increased improvement in the detection and treatment of the diseases and therefore many patients are looking forward to a better future. Understanding cancer can be helpful when you follow this blog, where it is provided information on the cancer symptoms, causes, and its treatment, etc.

What is Colorectal Cancer?

Colorectal is cancer that is found in the colon or the rectum which are part of the large intestine. Often is termed as bowel cancer or colon cancer depending on the site of the tumor.

This type of cancer usually originated from benign growths known as polyps usually small in the beginning. Some of these polyps may evolve into cancer after sometime. Screening for colorectal cancer is important if done early due to its high rate of success when treated and the improved survival rates.

 Symptoms

Recognizing symptoms early can significantly impact treatment success. Symptoms may vary depending on the stage of the cancer, but some common signs include:

• Changes in bowel habits, such as diarrheic or constipation.
• Blood in the stool, which may appear bright red or dark.
• Persistent abdominal discomfort, including cramps or bloating.
• Fatigue and unexplained weight loss.
• A feeling that your bowel doesn’t empty completely.

If you notice any of these symptoms, it’s crucial to consult your doctor. Early detection is key to improving the cancer survival rate.

Survival Rate

The colorectal cancer survival rate has improved over the years, thanks to advances in screening and treatment.

Factors Affecting Survival Rate:

• Stage at Diagnosis: Early-stage colorectal cancer has a much higher survival rate compared to advanced stages.
• Treatment Access: Access to timely and effective treatment can make a significant difference.
• Overall Health: A patient’s age, general health, and lifestyle also play a role.

On average, the five-year survival rate for localized colorectal cancer is around 90%. However, this rate drops significantly if the cancer has spread to other parts of the body. Regular  screening can help catch the disease in its earliest stages.

 Causes

The exact colorectal cancer causes are not fully understood, but several factors can increase your risk of developing the disease.

Common Causes and Risk Factors:

• Genetic Mutations: Changes in DNA that control cell growth can lead to cancer.
• Family History: Having a close relative with  cancer increases your risk.
• Lifestyle Factors: Diets high in red and processed meats, lack of exercise, and smoking can contribute to the development of cancer.
• Chronic Conditions: Diseases like Crohn’s disease or ulcerative colitis are linked to a higher risk.

While not all cases have a clear cause, understanding these risk factors can help you take proactive steps towards prevention.

How I Knew I Had Colon Cancer

In the course of using the internet, many people want to know when they first diagnosed they had colon cancer. Listening to these stories maybe sometimes able to offer insights into the need to look out for signals and indications.

As the doctor said, the problem might begin with tiredness and developing bright red blood in the stool in one of the survivors. A third person suffered from dysphagia and then developed severe vomiting and weight loss. Both these accounts go on to stress on the fact that one’s body should be respected and if something seems unusual, consultation with a health care professional is the right course of action to take.

Being in touch with your doctor and knowing some general signs of developing colorectal cancer can mean so much.

 Cancer Screening

Colorectal cancer screening is one of the most effective ways to detect the disease early, even before symptoms appear.

Types of Screening Tests:

1. Colonoscopy: A thorough examination of the colon and rectum, often used to remove polyps.
2. Stool Tests: These detect hidden blood or abnormal DNA in your stool.
3. Flexible Sigmoidoscopy: Examines the lower part of the colon and rectum.

Who Should Be Screened?

• Individuals aged 45 and older.
• Those with a family history of  cancer.
• People with chronic conditions like inflammatory bowel disease.

By undergoing regular colorectal cancer screening, you can significantly reduce your risk of developing advanced stages of the disease.

Colorectal Cancer ICD 10 Code

The colorectal cancer ICD 10 code is used by healthcare providers to classify and document cases of this disease.

Key Codes:

• C18: Malignant neoplasm of the colon.
• C19: Malignant neoplasm of the rectosigmoid junction.
• C20: Malignant neoplasm of the rectum.

These codes are essential for medical records, insurance claims, and research purposes, helping to ensure accurate diagnosis and treatment tracking.

Colorectal Cancer Risk Factors

Understanding colorectal cancer risk factors can help you take steps to lower your chances of developing the disease.

Major Risk Factors:

• Age: Risk increases significantly after the age of 50.
• Diet: High consumption of red meat and processed foods is linked to a higher risk.
• Lifestyle: Smoking, alcohol use, and sedentary behaviour contribute to the disease.
• Obesity: Excess body weight is associated with an increased risk of colorectal cancer.
• Genetics: A family history of colorectal or other related cancers.

Making lifestyle changes and undergoing regular colorectal cancer screening are essential for prevention and early detection.

Colorectal Cancer Treatment

The type of colorectal cancer treatment depends on the stage and location of the cancer, as well as the patient’s overall health.

Common Treatment Options:

1. Surgery: Removal of the cancerous section of the colon or rectum is often the first step.
2. Chemotherapy: Uses drugs to kill cancer cells or shrink tumours.
3. Radiation Therapy: Targets and destroys cancer cells using high-energy rays.
4. Targeted Therapy: Focuses on specific proteins or genes involved in cancer growth.

A multidisciplinary approach, involving oncologists, surgeons, and radiologists, ensures the best possible care for patients.

Living with Colorectal Cancer

For many, living with colorectal cancer involves navigating the physical and emotional challenges of treatment and recovery.

Tips for Coping:

• Build a Support Network: Family, friends, and support groups can provide emotional strength.
• Stay Active: Light exercise can boost energy levels and improve mental health.
• Follow Medical Advice: Adhering to treatment plans and follow-ups is crucial.
• Adopt a Healthy Diet: Focus on foods that support your immune system and overall well-being.

Survivors often emphasize the importance of staying positive and proactive throughout the journey.

Final Thoughts

It may sound scary to hear that you have cancer, but like every other illness, if diagnosed early, treated appropriately and changed your lifestyle, then you can live with this disease. Knowledge of the colorectal cancer symptoms, risk factors and colorectal cancer screening reduces mortality hugely.

For further advice about colorectal cancer causes, treatment and survival, individuals and their families should seek the help of doctors. So, remember that prevention and be careful are your best weapons.